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svg{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border-radius:4px;padding:3px 2px}.jp-carousel-pagination-container{flex:1;margin:0 15px 0 35px}.jp-carousel-pagination,.jp-swiper-pagination{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);display:none;font-size:15px;font-weight:400;position:static!important;white-space:nowrap}.jp-carousel-pagination-container .swiper-pagination{line-height:8px;text-align:left}.jp-carousel-pagination{padding-left:5px}.jp-carousel-info-footer .jp-carousel-photo-title-container{flex-basis:50vw;flex:4;justify-content:center;margin:0;overflow:hidden}.jp-carousel-photo-caption,.jp-carousel-photo-title{background:none!important;border:none!important;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);display:inline-block;font:normal 20px/1.3em Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0!important;line-height:normal;margin:0 0 10px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;text-shadow:none!important;text-transform:none!important}.jp-carousel-info-footer 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Η έννοια της ταχύτητας | My School Lab | Skip to content Η έννοια της ταχύτητας Ένα σημαντικό ζητούμενο όταν προσπαθούμε να περιγράψουμε την κίνηση ενός κινούμενου σώματος είναι το πόσο γρήγορα κινείται. Το μέγεθος που χρησιμοποιούμε για το σκοπό αυτό είναι η ταχύτητα η οποία εκφράζει το πόσο μακριά ταξιδεύει το σώμα στη μονάδα του χρόνου.
Σχολικό Βιβλίο 1.1 Ευθύγραμμη κίνηση
Η θεωρία συνοπτικά Στην καθημερινή μας ζωή συνηθίζουμε να χρησιμοποιούμε τη μέση ταχύτητα, η οποία στην ουσία εκφράζει απλά το πόσο γρήγορα κινείται το σώμα.
\[ υ_\mathsf{μ}=\frac{\mathsf{απόσταση\ που\ έχει\ διανυθεί}}{\mathsf {αντίστοιχο\ χρονικό\ διάστημα}} \]
Στη φυσική αυτό δεν είναι αρκετό καθώς σε αυτήν δεν είναι αρκετό να απαντάμε στην ερώτηση «πόσο γρήγορα κινείται ένα αντικείμενο». Χρειάζεται να γνωρίζουμε προς τα πού κατευθύνεται. Χρειάζεται δηλαδή να προσδιορίζουμε τόσο το μέτρο όσο και την κατεύθυνση του διανύσματος της ταχύτητας.
Επομένως για τη φυσική μελέτη της κίνησης των σωμάτων ορίζουμε τη μέση διανυσματική ταχύτητα και τη στιγμιαία ταχύτητα . Τα μεγέθη αυτά είναι διανυσματικά .
Η μέση διανυσματική ταχύτητα ορίζεται ως το πηλίκο της μετατόπισης του κινούμενου σώματος προς το χρονικό διάστημα που αντιστοιχεί σε αυτήν τη μετατόπιση. Το μέτρο της, λοιπόν, είναι:
\[ υ_\mathsf{μ}=\frac{\mathsf{μετατόπιση}}{\mathsf {αντίστοιχο\ χρονικό\ διάστημα}} \]
Συνοπτικά λοιπόν…
Σημείωση: H μετατόπιση για ένα πολύ μικρό χρονικό διάστημα \(dt\) συμβολίζεται με \(d \vec{x} \). (Το σύμβολο “d” δηλώνει μια πολύ μικρή μεταβολή).
Προσομοιώσεις Μπορείς να σύρεις τα σημεία που αντιστοιχούν στις χρονικές στιγμές t, t₁, t₂ για να καθορίσεις το χρονικό διάστημα στο οποίο θα υπολογιστεί η μέση ταχύτητα.
O κινούμενος άνδρας από το PhET .
Συνοπτικά
Μερικές απλές ασκήσεις Ένα αυτοκίνητο κινείται ευθύγραμμα με σταθερή ταχύτητα 72 km/h. Αν διανύσει απόσταση 180 χιλιομέτρων, πόσος χρόνος χρειάζεται;
Γρηγορότερα κινείται ένα αυτοκίνητο που έχει ταχύτητα 72 km/h ή ένα τρένο που έχει ταχύτητα 30 m/s;
Ένα σώμα κινείται ευθύγραμμα και μετατοπίζεται κατά 15 μέτρα σε χρόνο 3 δευτερολέπτων.
α) Ποια είναι η μέση ταχύτητά του;
β) Πόση απόσταση θα καλύψει σε μισή ώρα;
Ένα λεωφορείο ταξιδεύει με σταθερή ταχύτητα 90 χιλιομέτρων την ώρα (km/h).
α) Να μετατρέψεις την ταχύτητα σε m/s.
β) Πόση απόσταση θα διανύσει το λεωφορείο σε ένα τέταρτο της ώρας;
γ) Πόσο χρόνο θα χρειαστεί το λεωφορείο για να φτάσει στην επόμενη στάση που απέχει 15 km;
Μου αρέσει αυτό: Like Φόρτωση…
Σχετικά Κινήσεις Μέση Διανυσματική Ταχύτητα Στιγμιαία Ταχύτητα Στιγμιαία Ταχύτητα στην Καθημερινή Γλώσσα
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