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svg{background:var(--jp-carousel-bg-color);border-radius:4px;padding:3px 2px}.jp-carousel-pagination-container{flex:1;margin:0 15px 0 35px}.jp-carousel-pagination,.jp-swiper-pagination{color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);display:none;font-size:15px;font-weight:400;position:static!important;white-space:nowrap}.jp-carousel-pagination-container .swiper-pagination{line-height:8px;text-align:left}.jp-carousel-pagination{padding-left:5px}.jp-carousel-info-footer .jp-carousel-photo-title-container{flex-basis:50vw;flex:4;justify-content:center;margin:0;overflow:hidden}.jp-carousel-photo-caption,.jp-carousel-photo-title{background:none!important;border:none!important;color:var(--jp-carousel-primary-color);display:inline-block;font:normal 20px/1.3em Helvetica Neue,sans-serif;letter-spacing:0!important;line-height:normal;margin:0 0 10px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;text-shadow:none!important;text-transform:none!important}.jp-carousel-info-footer 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Η πυκνότητα στο εργαστήριο του σχολείου | My School Lab | Skip to content Η πυκνότητα στο εργαστήριο του σχολείου «Τα παγάκια έχουν μικρότερη πυκνότητα από το νερό». Φωτογραφία από anncapictures από το Pixabay
H έννοια “πυκνότητα” των υγρών και στερεών σωμάτων, όπως παρουσιάζεται στο εργαστήριο φυσικών επιστημών του σχολείου. Το άρθρο περιλαμβάνει στοιχεία θεωρίας, φύλλο εργασίας και σχετικό βίντεο από το ΕΚΦΕ Καρδίτσας.
Κάποια αντικείμενα επιπλέουν στο νερό…
Το άδειο μπουκάλι, η μπάλα και η βάρκα επιπλέουν στο νερό. Κάποια άλλα βυθίζονται…
Η άγκυρα και οι πέτρες βυθίζονται στο νερό.
Γιατί άραγε; Ίσως να έχεις έρθει αντιμέτωπος με την παλιά ερώτηση, «Ποιο ζυγίζει περισσότερο: ένα κιλό βαμβάκι ή ένα κιλό σίδερο; » Τα φτερά και το σίδερο, σε αυτήν την περίπτωση, ζυγίζουν ακριβώς το ίδιο (1 κιλό)! Τι είναι, λοιπόν αυτό που αλλάζει; Αν ζυγίσουμε ένα μαξιλάρι από βαμβάκι και ένα κομμάτι από σίδερο που έχουν τον ίδιο όγκο, θα βρούμε ότι το σίδερο ζυγίζει πολύ περισσότερο. Αυτό σημαίνει πως ένας όγκος σιδήρου περιέχει πολύ περισσότερο «υλικό» από τον ίδιο όγκο βαμβακιού. Λέμε πως ο σίδηρος έχει περισσότερη πυκνότητα από το βαμβάκι . Μερικές φορές μπερδεύουμε τις έννοιες της πυκνότητας και τις μάζας παρόλο που είναι διαφορετικές..
Η μάζα ενός σώματος που έχει όγκο 1cm3 είναι χαρακτηριστικό του υλικού του σώματος και ονομάζεται πυκνότητα.
Ένας κόκκος πλαστελίνης έχει την ίδια πυκνότητα με ένα μεγάλο κομμάτι από το ίδιο υλικό. Ένα ρίνισμα σιδήρου έχει την ίδια πυκνότητα με μια σιδερένια γέφυρα.
ΠαρατηρΩ — ΠληροφοροΥμαι — ΓνωρΙζω
Πυκνότητα Η πυκνότητα ορίζεται ως το πηλίκο της μάζας προς τον αντίστοιχο όγκο σε σταθερές συνθήκες πίεσης (όταν πρόκειται για αέριο) και θερμοκρασίας.
Για να την υπολογίσουμε χρησιμοποιούμε τη σχέση:
$$\mathbf{\mathit{\Pi\Upsilon KNOTHTA= \frac{MAZA}{O\Gamma KO}}}$$
Και στη γλώσσα των μαθηματικών
$$\rho = \frac{m}{V}$$
όπου τογράμμα m συμβολίζει τη μάζα σώματος φτιαγμένου από το συγκεκριμένο υλικό και το γράμμα V τον όγκο του. Οι μονάδες πυκνότητας που χρησιμοποιούνται συνήθως, είναι το 1 kg/m3 και το 1 g/cm3 ή 1 g/mL .
Η πυκνότητα είναι ένα μέγεθος που χαρακτηρίζει το υλικό από το οποίο αποτελείται ένα σώμα. Έτσι, μπορούμε να διακρίνουμε δύο υλικά από την πυκνότητά τους. Μας ενδιαφέρει, λοιπόν, να γνωρίζουμε πώς να την υπολογίζουμε πειραματικά.
Η πυκνΟτητα στο σχολικΟ εργαστΗριο
ΕργαστΗριο πυκνΗτητας — φΥλλο εργασΙας
Στο παρακάτω αρχείο μπορείς να βρεις ένα φύλλο εργασίας για ένα σύντομο εργαστηριακό μάθημα υπολογισμού της πυκνότητας υγρών και στερεών σωμάτων.
Ογκος και πυκνΟτητα
Δες το ακόλουθο βίντεο για να κατανοήσεις καλύτερα την έννοια της πυκνότητας.
Μου αρέσει αυτό: Like Φόρτωση…
Σχετικά Εργαστήριο Πυκνότητα Φύλλο Εργασίας
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